According to consulting firm Crane Zeng, prediction markets illegally serve Americans using VPNs, totaling between $11 billion and $34 billion. Notably, 30% of Polymarket's trading volume over the past year was attributed to users from the United States. The company forecasts that by 2030, the illegal annual trading volume of Americans in prediction markets could reach $133 billion. However, Crane Zeng notes a downward trend. In 2024, offshore prediction markets accounted for 84.4% of the total annual volume of $16.8 billion. In turn, by 2025, their share decreased to 60.9% with an overall trading volume of $65 billion.